SpaceX’s Starlink satellite internet service is on track to transform the UK’s rail network, bringing reliable high-speed Wi-Fi to remote and underserved routes that have long suffered from patchy mobile signals. Following a successful six-month trial with ScotRail in Scotland, train operators across England and Wales are now evaluating whether Starlink can deliver seamless onboard connectivity nationwide.
The initial Scottish trial involved retrofitting six Class 158 ScotRail trains with Starlink’s ruggedized terminals. These trains operate on rural routes notoriously underserved by conventional cell infrastructure. Early results show significant improvements in passenger Wi-Fi performance, as well as new capabilities for real-time GPS tracking and remote diagnostics.
Unlike traditional mobile networks, Starlink relies on a network of more than 7,000 low-Earth orbit (LEO) satellites to beam internet signals directly to receivers mounted on trains. This approach ensures consistent coverage even in tunnels, valleys, and mountainous regions where cell towers are sparse or nonexistent.
Transport for Wales is preparing to launch its own trials later this yea, and FirstGroup, which operates Lumo and Hull Trains, has also expressed interest in Starlink after recently introducing 5G Wi-Fi on South Western Railway before that line was returned to public control.
The UK Department for Transport has voiced support for the trials, calling satellite solutions a “vital part” of improving digital connectivity across the country’s railways. While Network Rail focuses on upgrading ground-based infrastructure, satellite systems are expected to complement these efforts by filling coverage gaps in difficult-to-reach areas.
The benefits extend beyond passenger comfort. Improved connectivity will also improve operational efficiency with real-time location tracking, smarter maintenance through remote monitoring, and better communication for onboard crews. Clarus says the installation and operational costs of Starlink are already comparable to building out mast networks—especially in remote locations where fibre optics are not feasible.
Meanwhile, other European countries are watching closely. Italy’s national railway operator, FS Group, is currently testing Starlink on its high-speed Rome-Milan corridor, aiming to address similar connectivity challenges. If adopted widely, Italy could become the first country in mainland Europe to roll out Starlink across its rail system.
